Differentially coloring fabric and product thereof



Patented Mar. 7,. 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- CAMILLE DREYFUS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND GEORGE RIVAT, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORS TO CELAN ESE CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A CORPORATION or DELAWARE DIFFERENTIALLY COLORING FABRIC AND PRODUCT THEREOF No Drawing. Application filed April 13,

This invention relates to a differentially colored fabric and process of producing the same by treating fabrics in conjunction with either resist printing or discharge printing with a dyestufi' of the aniline black type.

An object of our invention is to produce prints having dark backgrounds and light colored designs on fabrics and particularly fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose such as cellulose acetate.

A further object of our invention is to roduce resist or discharge prints using a dyestuff of the steam aniline black type. Other objects of our invention will appear from the following detailed description.

The production of prints having dark backgrounds and light colored designs on fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose, such as cellulose acetate, has presented serious problems. This is due to the fact that the dyestuffs that impart a dark color to this fabric cannot be readily discharged by the ordinary discharge pastes used in the printing art. We have found, however, that if pastescontaining an alkali and a reducing agent are applied to a fabric prior to its being treated with the aniline black base, as in resist printing, or after the application of the aniline black base, but prior to steaming or otherwise oxidizing after the discharge printing, light colored designs on dark backgrounds may be produced.

In accordance with our invention We produce light colored designs on dark backgrounds by resist or discharge printing fabrics containing organic esters of cellulose by treating the same with a paste containing alkali or reducing agent or both, with or without coloring matter. In our process the fabric is added with a material containing steam anlline black paste, either before or after the application of the paste containing the alkali and/01' reducing agents.

The fabric to be treated in accordance with our invention may contain yarns made of any or anic derivatives of cellulose and particular y organic esters of cellulose such as cellulose acetate, cellulose formate, cellulose propionate and cellulose butyrate, or cel- 1929. .serial No. 354,982.

may be sodium hydroxide or potassium hy-.

droxide or alkaline salts such as sodium carbonate.

Of the reducing agents that are suitable, we have found that although the sodium, zinc or potassium hydrosulphites give satisfactory results, lykopon and protoline (zinc formaldehyde sulphoxylate) give superior results.

The action of the reducing agent is to prevent the oxidation of the aniline black base to a dark colored body on subsequent steaming. As stated before, the paste contains alkali and reducing agent. If colored discharge prints are desired, the paste may contain vat colors, SRA dyes or any direct dyes for the cellulose acetate fabrics.

The paste containing the dye of the aniline black type contains preferably aniline hydrochloride, ferrocyanide and also acids, catalysts, oxidation agents and thickening agents. The aniline black material is preferably a combination known as Steam Aniline black which may be prepared by mixing ferrocyanide, potassium chlorate, aniline chloride, water, glacial acetic acid, glycerine and gum tragacanth.

Of the acids that are to be used, we prefer the aliphatic acids such as acetic acid. Examples of catalysts or oxygen carriers appropriate for use in the paste are cupric chloride or copper sulphate or mixtures of these. Examples of oxidizing agents are sodium chlorate or potassium chlorate. Any suitable thickening material, such as gum tragacanth, gum arabic or British gum may be used.

If resist printing is desired, the paste containing alkali and reducing agent is applied before padding with the aniline oil material.

After the aniline oil black material is applied,

the fabric is steamed in order to oxidize the same to a black color. However, at those places where the resist paste has been applied, no oxidation of the aniline black base takes place.

If discharge printing is to be efiected, the aniline black paste is applied first, and then the fabric is printed with the paste containing the alkali and reducing agent, after which the fabric is steamed to oxidize the aniline black that is on the unprinted portion of the fabric. Care should be taken that the fabric having the aniline black base thereon is not steamed before the discharge paste is applied, since once the black. color is developed by steaming it does not readily discharge.

' In order to prevent halo effects which may occur by the use of the methods disclosed in this application, it is well to pad the fabric with aluminum acetate or sodium acetate prior to applying the printing paste containing the alkali and reducing agent, either before or after application of the paste containing the aniline black base. Or else, the sodium acetate or aluminum acetate may be added to'the resist or discharge paste containing the alkali and reducing agent.

The goods to be treated in accordance with this invention may or may not be subjected to an iron proofing treatment before bein processed. The goods are printed dry after first being properly stripped down. Where white discharges or prints on black backgrounds are desired, it is advisable to add some zinc oxide to the paste to act as a pigment, resulting in a clear bright white.

It has also been found that the addition of alcohol to the resist paste results in a better penetration of the paste throughout the cellulose acetate fabrics. Other swelling agents such as the glycol derivatives, pyridine, triethylamine and the like can also be employed. We have also found that the presence of aluminum or chromium chloride in the paste can be advantageously dispensed with where bright white discharges are desired. This is very probably due to the fact that some oxidation of the aniline takes place immediately upon contact with these substances even before steaming.

As stated before, the paste containing the alkali and reducing agent prevents the oxidation, during steamlng, of the aniline black on that part of the fabric to which it has been applied.

The goods are steamed after the paste containing the alkali and/ or reducing agent has been applied, and after they have been padded with a paste containing the aniline black base. This causes the aniline black base to become oxidized on that part of the fabric that does not have the paste containing alkali and reducing agent applied thereto, thus pro ducing light colored figures on black backgrounds.

Example This example is for resist printing, that is where the paste is applied to the fabric before the aniline paste is applied thereto.

After the fabric has been properly strip- .ped down, with or without iron proof treatment, and dried, it is printed, in any desired pattern, with the following paste:

- Parts Zinc oxide"; 100

Protoline 100 Sodium oxalate 100 Caustic soda 50 to 100 Water 350 Gum tragacanth (60/1000) 400 Alcohol (by weight) 40 The fabric after beingprinted with the above paste is dried at 60 C. and then padg ded by a millepoint roller, with steam aniline black paste. This paste is obtained by mixing together the three following solutions immediately before using.

Solution A Parts Potassium ferrocyanide 100 Potassium chlorate 160 Water 1.000

Solution B Parts Aniline chloride 420 Water 400 Acetic acid (glacial) 1000 Glycerine SoZutz'on 0 Parts Gum tragacanth (60/1000) 1000 The fabric after having been printed with the steam aniline black paste is steamed in the Mather Platt steamer from 5 to 10 minutes. It is then washed out in water at 50 C. and then chromated with 4% of bichromate and 4% of an aniline chloride solution prepared by mixing together 1430 grams of aniline chloride and 3 litres of Water. (The percentages above given are figured on the Weight'of the fabric being treated.) After the chromating treatment above outlined, the fabric is washed out slightly, soaped at 50 to 60 C. and rinsed well.

The fabric after the above treatment will be found to have a bright White pattern upon a deep black background. The pattern will be clear cut and distinct with no semblance of halos present.

Due to the composition of the paste employed, no oxidation of the anilinetakes place until the steaming treatment is applied. This prevents the slight darkening of the resist portions which occurs in processes heretofore employed and results in a bright White print on a black background. Where it is desired to increase the speed of the oxidation, the same may be effected by adding one gram of copper sulphate in 100 cc. of water to the paste, although such addition is not necessary.

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is given merely by Way of illustration and that many variations may be made in the compositions employed and the procedure followed without departing from the spirit of the invention. The process and compositions above outlined can be employed for discharge printing as well as p for resist printing.

Having described our invention, what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is Y 1. Method of producing differential colored effects on fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose which comprises applying locally to said fabric a paste comprising a reducing agent, an alkali, a swelling agent for the cellulose derivative and a pigment and subsequently treating the fabric with a paste containing an aniline black base and an oxidizing agent and then steaming the fabric.

2. Method of producing differential colored effects on fabrics containing organic deriVa tives of cellulose which comprises applying locally to said fabric a paste comprising a reducing agent, an alkali,-a swelling agent for the cellulose derivative and a pigment and subsequently treating the fabric with a paste containing an aniline black base, a ferrocyanide and an oxidizing agent and then steaming the fabric- 3. Method of producing differential colored said fabric a paste containing protoline, caustic soda, zinc oxide and alcohol, and then steaming the fabric, and subsequently wash ing the same with warm water and treating v ing the same with warm water and treating the washed fabric with a solution containing a'bichromate and aniline chloride.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names.

CAMILLE DREYFUS. GEORGE .RIVAT.

effects on fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose which comprises applying locally to said fabric a paste containing protoline, caustic soda, zinc oxide and alcohol, and subsequently treating the fabric with a paste containing an aniline black base and an oxidizing agent and then steaming the fabric.

4. Method of producing differential colored effects on fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose which comprises applying locally to said fabric a paste containing protoline, caustic soda, zinc oxide and alcohol,

and, subsequently treating the fabric with a paste containing an aniline black base, an oxidizing agent, a ferrocyanide and acetic acid and then steaming the fabric.

5. Method of producing differential colored effects on fabrics containing cellulose acetate which comprises applying locally to 

